The Incredible Science of Suppressors: A Look at Firearm Silencers

Introduction

Time to read: 6.5 minutes

Date: July 8, 2023

Suppressors, also known as firearm silencers, are accessories that attach to the end of a gun barrel to reduce the noise made when the gun is fired. The science behind suppressors is fascinating, involving several components such as pressure waves, gas expansion, and sound waves.

In this article, we will delve into the science of suppressors and discuss their benefits, types, regulatory requirements, and maintenance. We’ll also examine the suitability of different types of suppressors for various firearms and purposes, as well as their use with airsoft guns. Join us as we explore the science behind suppressors and the many reasons why responsible gun owners should consider using them.

History of Suppressors 

The history of suppressors dates back to the early 1900s when Hiram Percy Maxim, the son of the inventor of the Maxim machine gun, developed the first commercially successful suppressor. The device, called the Maxim Silencer, was patented in 1909 and was initially intended for use in hunting. Suppressors gained popularity among hunters, target shooters, and law enforcement officers due to their ability to reduce noise pollution in communities as well as protect hearing from damage caused by loud noises. 

Throughout the 20th century, suppressors evolved from simple, cylindrical shapes filled with baffles to more intricate designs that incorporated heat-resistant materials and added advanced technologies to further reduce noise levels. Today, there are many different types of suppressors available on the market that can be used with rifles, pistols, shotguns, airsoft guns, and other firearms.

Benefits of Suppressors

The benefits of using suppressors cannot be overstated. One of the main benefits is the reduction of noise pollution in communities. This is important for people who live near shooting ranges or hunting sites, where loud noises can disturb the peace. Additionally, suppressors provide significant hearing protection for the shooter, reducing the risk of noise-induced hearing loss.

Improved accuracy is another benefit of using suppressors, as they can reduce recoil and muzzle rise. This makes it easier for shooters to take accurate and quick shots. While suppressors can be expensive, it is important to shop around for different types of suppressors that suit different needs and preferences.

Types of Suppressors

Silencers come in four main types: pistol, rimfire, rifle, and multi-use. 

Pistol

You need a suppressor for your semiautomatic handgun that can handle the recoil. Luckily for you, some are specifically engineered for that purpose. These suppressors use a spring-operated Neilsen Device to help cycle the action. They’re so good, they can even handle subsonic rifle rounds. Plus, some of them have the option of a fixed barrel mount for your rifle. Just remember, never use a booster with a rimfire can.

Rimfire

Want to experience the thrill of a Hollywood-style silent gun? Opt for smaller and lighter cans that are perfect for rimfire cartridges – they can even handle small rifle cartridges like the 5.7×28. With the right ammunition, the only sound you’ll hear is the bullet hitting the target. These days, rimfire cans are designed to be taken apart for cleaning as the ammunition runs dirty. Most rimfire suppressors directly attach to the barrel with a thread pattern of 1/2 x 28.

Rifle

Got a rifle? Then you need a suppressor that can handle the heat and pressure of your rounds. Lucky for you, there are cans made specifically for your caliber. You can choose between direct thread or quick detach versions. 

These suppressors are sealed, which means you can’t take them apart for cleaning. But don’t worry, you won’t need to clean them often anyway. The energy from your rifle rounds is so high that it blasts away most of the carbon buildup. So go ahead and shoot to your heart’s content without worrying about cleaning your suppressor every time.

Multi-use

Looking for a versatile silencer that can adapt to different firearms? Then check out these suppressors that blend features from the rimfire, pistol, and rifle categories. They’re like a Swiss Army Knife, ready to be used on multiple hosts and configurations. Just be aware that while they can do it all, they might not be the best choice for any one specific category. So choose wisely when selecting your ideal suppressor.

The Science Behind Suppressors

Suppressors work by trapping pressure waves in a chamber filled with baffles or other materials designed to absorb and dissipate them. When a firearm is fired, it produces a sharp and loud report due to the rapidly expanding gasses released by the explosion of gunpowder. These gasses create pressure waves that travel faster than the speed of sound, producing the sharp report. 

Suppressors slow down and cool down the expanding gasses from firing a round, which further reduces noise levels. By absorbing pressure waves and slowing down gas expansion, suppressors reduce the loud sounds that people associate with guns, making shooting more enjoyable for shooters and reducing noise pollution in communities. 

Purchasing and Maintaining Suppressors

Before purchasing a suppressor, it is important to research and understand the regulatory requirements involved. Through the National Firearms Act (NFA) of 1934, federal law in the United States regulates the use of suppressors. To legally purchase a suppressor, an individual must submit an application to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). 

To legally purchase or possess a suppressor, you must:

• Be at least 21 years of age to purchase a suppressor from a dealer.
• Be at least 18 years of age to purchase a suppressor from an individual on a Form 4 to Form 4 transfer (contingent on state laws).
• Be at least 18 years of age to possess a suppressor as a beneficiary of a trust or as a member of a corporation (contingent on state laws).
• Be a resident of the United States.
• Be legally eligible to purchase a firearm.
• Pass a BATFE background check with a typical process time of 8 to 10 months.
• Pay a one time $200 Transfer Tax.
• Reside in one of the 42 states that currently allows civilian ownership of suppressors.

Some states also have their own laws governing the use of suppressors, so it is essential to research individual state laws before purchasing or using a suppressor. It is also worth noting that it is illegal to possess or use a suppressor while hunting in some states. 

The cost of suppressors also varies depending on the type of suppressor and the features it offers. It is important to shop around and compare prices as suppressors can be expensive. Once purchased, maintenance of the suppressor is essential in order to keep it functioning safely and properly. 

Regular cleaning and lubrication are required to prevent fouling and corrosion, which can lead to malfunctioning. Suppressors are available from many online retailers as well as gun stores, and some states may require a special permit or license to own a suppressor. Overall, purchasing and maintaining a suppressor requires careful consideration of the regulatory requirements, costs, and maintenance involved.

Want to learn more about how a suppressor can improve your competitive shooting performance? Then check out our article on the benefits of using a suppressor!

Conclusion

In conclusion, suppressors, also known as firearm silencers, are essential tools for responsible gun owners. They offer numerous benefits, such as reducing noise pollution in communities, protecting hearing, and improving accuracy. Today, there are many different types of suppressors available on the market, each suited to individual needs and preferences. The science behind suppressors is complex, but their effectiveness depends on absorbing pressure waves and slowing down gas expansion by using baffles or other materials. 

While the regulatory requirements and costs of owning a suppressor can be high, their maintenance is essential for safe and reliable use. Overall, responsible ownership should be a priority and regulated through legal means such as the National Firearms Act of 1934 in the United States. Using suppressors in a safe and responsible manner can help make shooting more enjoyable for owners as well as reduce noise pollution in their communities.

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